Bending and Flanging Stamping Parts

Bending and flanging are essential secondary stamping processes that add complexity and functionality to metal parts by altering their shape along specific axes. Bending involves deforming a flat metal sheet along a straight line to create an angle, while flanging creates a raised edge or lip on the part—either by folding the material over itself (curl flanging) or by forming a perpendicular edge (straight flanging).

Precision is paramount in these processes, with the bending angle and flange height controlled by the design of the punch and die. The punch applies force to the material, causing it to bend around a die radius, with the degree of deformation determined by the punch’s depth of penetration. For flanging, the die supports the part while the punch forms the edge, ensuring that the flange is uniform and free from cracks or distortions.

Material properties play a key role here: harder materials require more force and larger bend radii to avoid cracking, while softer materials may be prone to springback—elastic recovery that slightly reduces the bend angle after the punch is removed. To counteract springback, dies are often designed with over-bending, where the punch forms a slightly sharper angle than needed, allowing the material to spring back to the desired shape. These processes are widely used in automotive body panels, electrical enclosures, and structural components, enhancing both the part’s strength and its ability to connect with other components.

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